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KMID : 0648420090140020100
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Journal of Korean Society of Pediatric Endocrinology
2009 Volume.14 No. 2 p.100 ~ p.109
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Effects of Family Environment and Parenting Behavior on Glycemic Control and Depressive Symptoms in Children with Type 1 Diabetes
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Kwon Eun-Young
Jung Hyo-Jin
Kim Hyun-Ji
Choi Im-Jeong
Lee Jung-Hyun
Yoo Jae-Ho
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Abstract
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Purpose: We aimed to evaluate the influence of family environment, parenting behavior, and psychological characteristics on metabolic control in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM).
Methods: We performed a statistical survey among Korean children (adolescents; age, 11?17 years) undergoing treatment for type 1 DM for more than a year and the parents of these children. We obtained the glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels; children’s depression inventory (CDI) scores; family affection, partnership, growth, adaptation, resolve (APGAR) scores; parenting behavior inventory (PBI) scores; and scores of the Korean version of family environment scale (FES-K) for these families. The results of the survey were collected and analyzed using statistical methods.
Results: We found a statistically significant evidence of a positive relationship between HbA1c levels and depressive symptoms (r=0.43, P=0.001). However, there was no relationship between HbA1c levels and family APGAR scores. FES-cohesion scale (β=-0.422, P=0.005), achievement orientation scale (β=-0.323, P=0.013), and control scale (β=0.356, P=0.009)-were significant predictors of HbA1c levels. In the family APGAR index, low CDI score (P=0.001) were indicative of a highly functional family. Furthermore, the family APGAR scale showed a statistically significant association with the reasoning and affection subscales of the PBI scale and inverse association with the inconsistency subscale of the PBI scale. Multiple-regression analysis of the data revealed that the monitoring (β=-0.325, P=0.045) and reasoning (β=-0.507, P=0.011) variables of the paternal and maternal PBI scale, respectively, were significant predictors of a child’s depressive symptoms.
Conclusion: Improvements in family environment and parenting behavior may help improve metabolic control and reduce depressive symptoms in children with type 1 DM.
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KEYWORD
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Type 1 diabetes mellitus, Family relations, Parenting, Social environment, Depression
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